We just received a five-year (five-million-RMB) grant from the China Brain Project initiated by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China. The title of our project is “The mechanism and intervention of executive function development in youth”. We aim in describing the development of structural and functional networks supporting the maturation of executive function in youth. Based on the normal network development, we will conduct both cognitive training and non-invasive transcranial neuromodulation (i.e., tDCS and tPBM) to intervene in youths with learning difficulties (i.e., dyslexia and dyscalculia) or ADHD. We collaborate with Beijing Normal University and the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University.